Coronavirus disease 2019
COVID-19 is a contagious disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. In January 2020, the disease spread worldwide, resulting in the COVID-19 pandemic.
The symptoms of COVID‑19 can vary but often include fever,[7] fatigue, cough, breathing difficulties, loss of smell, and loss of taste.[8][9][10] Symptoms may begin one to fourteen days after exposure to the virus. At least a third of people who are infected do not develop noticeable symptoms.[11][12] Of those who develop symptoms noticeable enough to be classified as patients, most (81%) develop mild to moderate symptoms (up to mild pneumonia), while 14% develop severe symptoms (dyspnea, hypoxia, or more than 50% lung involvement on imaging), and 5% develop critical symptoms (respiratory failure, shock, or multiorgan dysfunction).[13] មនុស្សចាស់មានហានិភ័យខ្ពស់នៃការវិវត្តទៅជារោគសញ្ញាធ្ងន់ធ្ងរ. ផលវិបាកខ្លះបណ្តាលឱ្យស្លាប់. មនុស្សមួយចំនួនបន្តជួបប្រទះផលប៉ះពាល់ជាច្រើន។ (កូវីដយូរ) រាប់ខែឬច្រើនឆ្នាំបន្ទាប់ពីការឆ្លង, និងការខូចខាតដល់សរីរាង្គត្រូវបានគេសង្កេតឃើញ។[14] ការសិក្សាជាច្រើនឆ្នាំលើផលប៉ះពាល់រយៈពេលវែងកំពុងបន្ត។[15]
ការចម្លង COVID-19 កើតឡើងនៅពេលដែលភាគល្អិតមេរោគត្រូវបានដកដង្ហើមចូល ឬប៉ះនឹងភ្នែក, ច្រមុះ, ឬមាត់. ហានិភ័យគឺខ្ពស់បំផុតនៅពេលដែលមនុស្សនៅជិត, ប៉ុន្តែភាគល្អិតតូចៗនៃខ្យល់ដែលមានផ្ទុកមេរោគអាចនៅតែផ្អាកនៅលើអាកាស ហើយធ្វើដំណើរក្នុងចម្ងាយឆ្ងាយ។, ជាពិសេសនៅក្នុងផ្ទះ. ការឆ្លងក៏អាចកើតឡើងនៅពេលដែលមនុស្សប៉ះភ្នែករបស់ពួកគេ។, ច្រមុះ, ឬមាត់បន្ទាប់ពីប៉ះផ្ទៃ ឬវត្ថុដែលមានមេរោគ. មនុស្សនៅតែឆ្លងរហូតដល់ 20 days and can spread the virus even if they do not develop symptoms.[16]
Testing methods for COVID-19 to detect the virus’s nucleic acid include real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‑PCR),[17][18] transcription-mediated amplification,[17][18][19] and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT‑LAMP)[17][18] from a nasopharyngeal swab.[20]
Several COVID-19 vaccines have been approved and distributed in various countries, many of which have initiated mass vaccination campaigns. Other preventive measures include physical or social distancing, quarantining, ventilation of indoor spaces, use of face masks or coverings in public, covering coughs and sneezes, hand washing, and keeping unwashed hands away from the face. While drugs have been developed to inhibit the virus, the primary treatment is still symptomatic, គ្រប់គ្រងជំងឺតាមរយៈការថែទាំគាំទ្រ, ការដាក់ឱ្យនៅដាច់ដោយឡែក, និងវិធានការពិសោធន៍.