Isifo sentsholongwane ye-corona 2019
I-COVID 19 sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa yi-Coronavirus sars-cov-2. NgoJanuwari 2020, Isifo esasasazwa kwihlabathi liphela, kukhokelela kwi-covid-19 ubhubhane.
Iimpawu zeCodd-19 ziyahluka kodwa zihlala zibandakanya umkhuhlane,[7] ukudinwa, ukukhohlela, Ukuphefumla Ubunzima, Ukuphulukana nephunga, ilahleko yokunambitha.[8][9][10] Iimpawu zinokuqalisa i-nye ukuya kwiintsuku ezilishumi elinesine emva kokuvezwa kwintsholongwane. Ubuncinci kwisithathu sabantu abosulelekileyo singaphuhli iimpawu ezibonakalayo.[11][12] Kwabo bahlakulela iimpawu ezibonakalayo ukuba zihlelwe njengezigulana, uninzi (81%) phuhlisa inyani kwiimpawu eziphakathi (ukuya kwi-pneumonia ethambileyo), ngelixa 14% phuhlisa iimpawu ezinzima (I-DYSPNAA, hypoxia, okanye ngaphezulu kune 50% ukubandakanyeka kwe-LUSS ekucingeleni), kwaye 5% phuhlisa iimpawu ezibalulekileyo (Ukusilela kokuphefumla, wothuka, okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-MeldOrgan).[13] Abantu abadala banomngcipheko ophezulu wokukhulisa iimpawu ezinzima. Ezinye iingxaki zibangela ukufa. Abanye abantu bayaqhubeka nokufumana uluhlu lweziphumo (I-Covidst Covid) Kwiinyanga okanye kwiminyaka emva kosulelo, kwaye ukonakaliswa kwamalungu aqwalaselwe.[14] Izifundo zeminyaka emininzi kwiziphumo zexesha elide ziyaqhubeka.[15]
I-Covidd-19 yokutshintshelwa kwenzeka xa amasuntswana awosulelayo aphefumla okanye anxibelelana ngamehlo, impumlo, okanye umlomo. Umngcipheko uphakamileyo xa abantu bekufuphi, Kodwa amasuntswana amancinci e-airborne eneentsholongwane angahlala enqunyanyisiwe emoyeni kwaye ehamba ngaphezulu komgama omde, ngakumbi ngaphakathi. Ukuhanjiswa kunokwenzeka kwakhona xa abantu bechukumisa amehlo abo, impumlo, okanye umlomo emva kokuchukumisa iindawo okanye izinto eziye zangcoliswa yintsholongwane. Abantu bahlala beyothusa ukuya kuthi ga 20 iintsuku kwaye unokusasaza intsholongwane nokuba azihlakuleleni iimpawu.[16]
Iindlela zokuvavanywa kweCoidd-19 ukufumana i-acid yentsholongwane yenyoka yenyoka ye-nucleic ibandakanya ukubuyiselwa kwe-Polymerase ye-Polymerase (Rt-pcr),[17][18] Ukukhutshwa kwe-Amercrick-Deance,[17][18][19] kunye nokubuyisa umva i-isop-mesmal ye-isotory Amphal (Isibane se-RT-isibane)[17][18] ukusuka kwi-Nasopharyngelmal Swab.[20]
Izitofu ezininzi ze-Covid-19 zivunyiwe zaza zasasazwa kumazwe ahlukeneyo, Uninzi lwayo lwasungulwa amaphulo ogonyo macala. Amanye amanyathelo okhuseleko aquka ukonakaliswa komzimba okanye kwezentlalo, indawo yokuhlala, Umoya we-ventilation kwizithuba zangaphakathi, Ukusetyenziswa kwemaski yobuso okanye isigqubuthelo esidlangalaleni, Ukugubungela ukukhwehlela kunye nokuntywila, Ukuhlamba izandla, Ukugcina izandla ezingahlanjwanga kude kubuso. Ngelixa amachiza aphuhlisiwe ukuba athintele intsholongwane, Unyango oluphambili lusesiphawu, Ukulawula isifo ngononophelo lwenkxaso, ukubekwa wedwa, kunye neendlela zovavanyo.